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Surfactant reduces the work it takes to breathe by helping the lungs inflate more easily when you breathe in. Alveoli are able to easily expand and contract because their insides are coated with a substance called surfactant. Normally, your alveoli are elastic, meaning that their size and shape can change easily. Your lungs have about 150 million alveoli. The bronchioles end in clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Inside your lungs, the bronchial tubes branch into thousands of thinner tubes called bronchioles.

Rings of tough tissue, called cartilage, acts as a support to keep the bronchial tubes open. The air then travels past your voice box and down your windpipe. All rights reserved.Īir first enters your body through your nose or mouth, which moistens and warms the air since cold, dry air can irritate your lungs. Medical Illustration Copyright © 2022 Nucleus Medical Media Inc. Blue arrows show oxygen in inhaled air passing into the bloodstream, and green arrows show the carbon dioxide from your body leaving the bloodstream. The image also shows a close-up view of gas exchange at the alveoli. The image shows an enlarged view of the airways and lungs, as well as the trachea bronchial tubes, or bronchi and bronchioles. Other body systems that work with the respiratory system include the nervous system, lymphatic system, and immune system. It also helps remove carbon dioxide and waste products. The circulatory system helps deliver nutrients and oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs throughout the body. The circulatory system, which is made up of the heart and blood vessels, supports the respiratory system by bringing blood to and from the lungs. Medical Animation Copyright © 2022 Nucleus Medical Media Inc. An animation walks through the structures of the lungs.